Falling a short distance or twisting of the spine can result in minor neck injuries. Strains and sprains also cause stiffness and aches that spread to the upper arm or shoulder. The tissue or tendons can push against the nerves, leading to neck pain.
Severe trauma can occur in the case of whiplash in a car accident, direct blows, stab wounds, falls from significant heights, and sports injuries. Whiplash tears the neck’s tendons and muscles, resulting in headaches and tenderness. The muscles can feel stiff and taut, and you may have a reduced range of motion. Additionally, you'll likely feel pain when turning your neck.
Dislocation or fracture of the spine also results in neck pain. If the injury causes the spinal disc to get torn, you'll feel pain resulting from a herniated disc.